CPU Processors

(Some may be listed under other sections)

Lapping a CPU   Other Links

AMD or Intel - The ultimate question (NCIX TechTips #82)

Core i7 CPU HT, HyperThreading That's like having 8 CPU Also with TurboBoost, (Full speed all the time please)
Q&A: What are Virtual, Physical & Logical Cores?  
 

An Inside Look at an Intel 45nm Chip Factory    
  This video takes the viewer through the manufacturing process of an Intel 45nm chip factory. The technology behind the 45nm chip and the machine and process required for manufacturing one of the world's smallest transistors.

Intel News :-

Intel is giving away free processors and other goodies to the winners of the Intel Modding Competition. For those of you who remember the '60's - Modding has nothing to do with riding around on scooters picking fights with guys on motorbikes.

Intel Technology & Research

Stay up to date on Intel's latest technologies, research and standards activities.

100 Percent Lead-Free 45nm Hi-k from Intel Corporation
Wed, 23 May 2007 05:29:53 -0400 - Intel Corporation is 100 percent lead-free across our entire portfolio of 45nm microprocessors.
Intel® QuickAssist Technology
Thu, 26 Apr 2007 05:27:26 -0400 - The Intel® QuickAssist Technology initiative represents a comprehensive visionary approach for supporting accelerators on Intel® technology.
Data center efficiency from Intel Corporation
Thu, 26 Apr 2007 05:27:26 -0400 - Turning challenges into opportunities in the data center
45nm Hi-k next generation Intel® Core™ microarchitecture
Thu, 29 Mar 2007 19:28:13 -0500 - Exciting new gains in performance and energy efficiency—In the second half of 2007, Intel will begin production of the next generation Intel® Core™2 processor family codenamed "Penryn."
A Legacy of Continuing Innovation: Fall 2006 IDF Roundup
Sat, 02 Dec 2006 05:23:19 -0500 - The Fall 2006 Intel Developer Forum may be over, but its influence continues to be felt. Learn how you can catch up on events you may have missed and how Intel is continuing to drive technology innovation.
Overcoming Disk Drive Access Bottlenecks with Intel® Robson Technology
Sat, 02 Dec 2006 05:23:19 -0500 - Intel® Robson technology is a multi-component platform technology that uses non-volatile memory (Flash memory) to increase system responsiveness, make multi-tasking faster, and extend battery life.
Intel® QuickData Technology Extends Flexibility of I/O Acceleration
Sat, 02 Dec 2006 05:23:19 -0500 - Intel® I/O Acceleration Technology moves data more efficiently through new Dual-Core Intel® Xeon® processor–based servers for fast, scalable, and reliable networking. And with Intel® QuickData Technology, the industry ecosystem can now extend those benefits to more end customers than ever before.
Making the Most of Your Virtualization Strategy
Thu, 05 Oct 2006 05:07:38 -0400 - Virtualization promises better server utilization and improved test/deploy cycles, and software developers need to create robust virtualized environments that deliver on these promises. A new book from Intel Press, “Applied Virtualization Technology,” can help. |
September Intel® Software Insight Magazine
Thu, 05 Oct 2006 05:07:38 -0400 - Learn about the sweeping transformation of software design as multi-core processing makes waves. Find out how Intel and leading universities are reaching out to educate next-generation developers with multi-core training. This and more are in the September issue of Intel® Software Insight magazine. |
Intel to Pay Up to USD $1 Million for Small, Stylish PC Designs
Thu, 05 Oct 2006 05:07:38 -0400 - Intel is challenging PC designers and manufacturers to think stylish and small as they design the next generation of home PCs optimized for multimedia entertainment and powered by Intel® Core™2 Duo processors. |
ACPI-to-HID Mapper Driver: Standardizing the Connection Between the OS and External Devices Wired to Embedded Controllers
Sat, 30 Sep 2006 05:09:47 -0400 - The ACPI-to-HID mapper driver can help transform customized interfaces into plug-and-play diplomacy while accelerating the time to market for notebook PC development.
A Hybrid Silicon Laser: Silicon Photonics Technology for Future Tera-Scale Computing
Sat, 30 Sep 2006 05:09:47 -0400 - Researchers at Intel and the University of California, Santa Barbara, have developed a new hybrid silicon laser that could pave the way for tera-scale optical interconnects.
Adaptive CSMA for Scalable Network Capacity in High-Density WLANs
Sat, 30 Sep 2006 05:09:47 -0400 - Tests by Intel researchers show that adaptation of RS and CCA sensitivity could help minimize the interference problems experienced in HD-WLANs.
Intel Tera-Scale Research Program Focuses on Moving from a Few Cores to Many
Sat, 30 Sep 2006 05:09:47 -0400 - Intel foresees future devices utilizing tera-scale architectures that use tens to hundreds of cores to process massive amounts of information in parallel. We’re researching ways to make these devices scalable, adaptable, and programmable, to help lead the industry into this new tera era.
Intel is Leading the Way in Designing Energy-Efficient Platforms
Sat, 30 Sep 2006 05:09:47 -0400 - Intel’s advanced power-efficient microarchitectures are increasing energy efficiency and addressing the thermal issues of today’s powerful computing systems, an important part of the transition to multi-core platforms.

Intel® Products

All About Intel Products

Gain access from the Open Port
Fri, 29 Jul 2011 04:15:39 -0400 - Discuss business technologies with IT leaders.
Intel® Core™ i7-975 processor Extreme Edition
Tue, 08 Sep 2009 04:11:11 -0400 - The highest performing desktop processor on the planet.¹ Shatter the limits of desktop computing with the intelligent performance of the Intel® Core™ i7-975 processor Extreme Edition, the smartest way to blast through highly-threaded games and applications.
Intel® Core™ i7 processor 965 Extreme Edition
Wed, 26 Nov 2008 04:10:11 -0500 - The highest performing desktop processor on the planet.¹ Shatter the limits of desktop computing with the intelligent performance of the Intel® Core™ i7 processor 965 Extreme Edition, the smartest way to blast through highly-threaded games and applications.
Intel® Core™ i7 processor 965 Extreme Edition
Fri, 21 Nov 2008 04:09:58 -0500 - The highest performing desktop processor on the planet.¹ Shatter the limits of desktop computing with the intelligent performance of the Intel® Core™ i7 processor 965 Extreme Edition, the smartest way to blast through highly-threaded games and applications.
Desktop Processors Intel® Core™ i7 processor 965 Extreme Edition
Fri, 21 Nov 2008 04:09:57 -0500 - The highest performing desktop processor on the planet.¹ Shatter the limits of desktop computing with the intelligent performance of the Intel® Core™ i7 processor 965 Extreme Edition, the smartest way to blast through highly-threaded games and applications.
Intel® Core™ i7 processor 965 Extreme Edition
Mon, 17 Nov 2008 04:09:49 -0500 - The highest performing desktop processor on the planet.¹ Shatter the limits of desktop computing with the intelligent performance of the Intel® Core™ i7 processor 965 Extreme Edition, the smartest way to blast through highly-threaded games and applications.
Desktop Processors Intel® Core™ i7 processor 965 Extreme Edition
Mon, 17 Nov 2008 04:09:48 -0500 - The highest performing desktop processor on the planet.¹ Shatter the limits of desktop computing with the intelligent performance of the Intel® Core™ i7 processor 965 Extreme Edition, the smartest way to blast through highly-threaded games and applications.
Intel® Core™2 Extreme processor QX9770
Wed, 10 Sep 2008 04:08:16 -0400 - Get untouchable desktop performance from Intel's latest Extreme processor. Play games, edit high definition video and easily tackle the most demanding multitasking environments like never before.
Desktop Processors Intel® Core™2 Extreme processor QX9770
Wed, 10 Sep 2008 04:08:15 -0400 - Get untouchable desktop performance from Intel's latest Extreme processor. Play games, edit high definition video and easily tackle the most demanding multitasking environments like never before.
Intel ® G965 Express Chipset
Wed, 02 Jul 2008 03:29:14 -0400 - Desktop PC platforms based on the | Intel® G965 Express Chipset, combined with either the Intel® Core™2 Duo processor or Intel® Pentium® D processor, deliver innovative capabilities and usages for digital home consumers. Exciting improvements expand digital home capabilities, while enabling lower power and quieter systems.
Brand updates
Tue, 08 Jan 2008 03:54:11 -0500 - Learn how Intel made it a lot easier to find your perfect PC by simplifying our brands.
Intel® Core™2 Extreme Processor
Tue, 18 Dec 2007 03:58:52 -0500 - "All signs point to, Wow!"—[H]ard|OCP
Intel® Core™2 Extreme processor QX9650
Sun, 11 Nov 2007 04:05:46 -0500 - Get untouchable desktop performance from Intel's latest Extreme processor built using cutting edge 45nm technology. This technology with hafnium-infused circuitry drives new, innovative processor design and architecture, enabling even greater performance and efficiency. Play games, edit high definition video and easily tackle the most demanding multitasking environments like never before.
Intel ® G31 Express Chipset
Tue, 17 Jul 2007 04:46:25 -0400 - Desktop PC platforms with the Intel® G31 Express Chipset, combined with either the Intel® Core™2 Duo or the Intel® Core™2 Quad processor, deliver new technologies and innovating capabilities for consumers.
Intel ® P31 Express Chipset
Tue, 17 Jul 2007 04:46:23 -0400 - Desktop PC platforms with the Intel® P31 Express Chipset, combined with either the Intel® Core™2 Duo or the Intel® Core™2 Quad processor, deliver new technologies and innovating capabilities for consumers

AMD News :-

AMD Developer Central: What's New

RSS feed for the What's New list.

Shared Level-1 Instruction-cache Performance on AMD family 15h (aka "Bulldozer")
Fri, 03 Feb 2012 06:14:53 GMT -
LinkDate: 2/3/2012
Title: Shared Level-1 Instruction-cache Performance on AMD family 15h (aka "Bulldozer")
TargetUrl: /Assets/SharedL1InstructionCacheonAMD15hCPU.pdf
AMD Developer Central Newsletter: January 2012 edition
Wed, 01 Feb 2012 06:50:22 GMT -
LinkDate: 2/1/2012
Title: AMD Developer Central Newsletter: January 2012 edition
TargetUrl: /community/newsletter/pages/january-2011.aspx
JPEG Decoding with Run-Length Encoding: A CPU and GPU Approach
Wed, 01 Feb 2012 04:57:13 GMT -
LinkDate: 1/31/2012
Title: JPEG Decoding with Run-Length Encoding: A CPU and GPU Approach
TargetUrl: /documentation/articles/pages/JPEGDecodingwithRun-LengthEncodingACPUandGPUApproach.aspx
SlotMaximizer extension to LLVM can help you to quickly optimize OpenCL™ applications
Mon, 30 Jan 2012 09:18:46 GMT -
LinkDate: 1/30/2012
Title: SlotMaximizer extension to LLVM can help you to quickly optimize OpenCL™ applications
TargetUrl: http://blogs.amd.com/developer/2012/01/23/slotmaximizer-extension-to-llvm-can-help-you-to-quickly-optimize-opencl%e2%84%a2-applications/
Software Optimization Guide for family 15h processors
Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:22:07 GMT -
LinkDate: 1/24/2012
Title: Software Optimization Guide for family 15h processors
TargetUrl: http://support.amd.com/us/Processor_TechDocs/47414_15h_sw_opt_guide.pdf
Leverage Aparapi to Help Improve Financial Java Application Performance
Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:24:31 GMT -
LinkDate: 1/23/2012
Title: Leverage Aparapi to Help Improve Financial Java Application Performance
TargetUrl: /documentation/articles/assets/Leveraging_Aparapi_to_Improve_Java_Financial_Application_Performance_after_legal_review.pdf
Just Released: CodeAnalyst 3.2 for Linux
Thu, 19 Jan 2012 11:34:38 GMT -
LinkDate: 1/19/2012
Title: Just Released: CodeAnalyst 3.2 for Linux
TargetUrl: /tools/CodeAnalyst/codeanalystlinux/Pages/default.aspx
AMD Developer Central Newsletter: November 2011 edition
Thu, 01 Dec 2011 06:15:42 GMT -
LinkDate: 12/1/2011
Title: AMD Developer Central Newsletter: November 2011 edition
TargetUrl: /community/newsletter/pages/November-2011.aspx
AMD Developer Central Newsletter: December 2011 edition
Thu, 05 Jan 2012 15:12:50 GMT -
LinkDate: 1/5/2012
Title: AMD Developer Central Newsletter: December 2011 edition
TargetUrl: /community/newsletter/pages/December-2011.aspx

AMD Support Updates, drivers, etc...

IBM DeveloperWorks News :-

Ideas from IBM library

In business today, we see forces at work that present opportunities we could once only imagine - and challenges that could easily destroy any isolated organisation. That's why an enterprise today needs a partner with a clear view of the territory ahead. A partner who can help find ways to differentiate a company for competitive advantage. A partner who understands and knows how to create - and sustain - innovation that matters. To learn more about IBM's point of view, read, listen and inform yourself with these "Ideas from IBM."

Using tiny fingerprints, IBM works to reduce infant mortality in Nigeria
March 2010 - Teams of IBMers are working in emerging markets to solve their most pressing problems with smarter systems.
Wimbledon 2009: IBM is making tennis smarter
March 2010 - Since 1990, IBM has worked with Wimbledon to make sure the world’s oldest and most prestigious tennis tournament is also the smartest. Finding smarter ways to improve the experience of players and fans alike.
Smarter Products
February 2010 - Smarter products contain embedded systems: sensors, actuators, electronics and mechanical systems. See how IBM is helping manufacturers make smarter products with embedded systems.
Smarter clouds
October 2009 - Conserve energy. Consolidate resources. Make information secure and available whenever and wherever it's needed. With requirements like these, we have to be smarter about accessing, processing and storing data.
Smarter resources
October 2009 - Demand for energy is growing, yet we extract less than 33% of oil from current fields. Here’s how we can get smarter.
Smart Energy
September 2009 - Now, electricity companies can make smarter decisions about the grid. You can make smarter decisions about your home.
Smarter Buildings
August 2009 - By 2025, buildings will be the single largest energy consumers and emitters of greenhouse gasses on our planet. If a building's systems interoperate, they can be managed centrally, even intelligently. See how.
Smarter solutions for Retail
August 2009 - Smarter retailers can manage highly efficient supply chains and offer exceptional shopping experiences that will keep consumers coming back. In the current economic climate, building trust is key. Find out how retail is becoming smarter.
Smart Work
August 2009 - Only 3% of companies believe they have reached "process excellence". But many businesses are getting smarter about how they work. Here's what they are doing.
Smarter Public Services
August 2009 - From the local city council to international collaborations, new ways of working are underway. Find out how public services are becoming smarter.
Smarter water management
June 2009 - Every time we interact with water, we change it, redirect it or otherwise alter its state. IBM goes deep into the rising water crisis.
Smarter food
May 2009 - Food is as fundamental as it gets. Technology is shaping how it grows, how it tastes and how it gets to your plate. A smarter global food system would help eliminate waste, improve quality and ensure safety.
Smarter cities
May 2009 - As communities continue to grow, they are placing added pressure on our city infrastructures. Smarter transportation, policing, governance and grids offer relief to urban areas.
Smarter money
April 2009 - Money has been transformed into zeros and ones. It’s invisible. It’s information. Which is central both to the problem – and to its solution.
Smarter planet: new intelligence
March 2009 - New intelligence will change the way we capture, analyse and act on information, transforming the way we make decisions for a smarter planet.
IBM can improve the IQ of your IT
March 2009 - There are technologies that can help reinvent your infrastructure so it’s leaner, smarter, more flexible.
Maths skills prove key to emerging innovations
March 2009 - Even the maths-challenged have to acknowledge: business and society are more dependent on complex algorithms than ever before.
Government in the year 2020
March 2009 - In developing tailored strategies to address six global trends, governments will need to enact a new kind of perpetual collaboration.
Our world is becoming more instrumented, interconnected and intelligent. That's smart
March 2009 - People want the world to work smarter. Now's the time we can make it happen. Learn how technology is enabling a smarter planet.
Predictions for 5 near-term innovations
January 2009 - Ubiquitous solar cells, voice browsing, digital dressing rooms, health forecasts and memory tools.
Help wanted: managing today's workforce
January 2009 - Companies face many challenges as they work to develop a highly adaptable workforce for today's fast-moving, ever-changing market.
Innovation in retail banking
January 2009 - Retail banking is changing. Find out what leading banks are doing to differentiate and thrive.
How It Works: The Intelligent Utility Network
January 2009 - Technology is already making a major impact on reducing energy costs and enabling more effective distribution of power.
World Community Grid harnesses idle PC power
January 2009 - Volunteer your PC's unused computing power to advance AIDS research, help treat cancer and improve the way we live. Here's how it works.
Intelligent energy for economies and the planet
November 2008 - For energy use that can both build economies and protect the planet, we have to redesign the systems that bring power to the people.
IBM and the world’s great rivers
November 2008 - High-performance computing is coming to the aid of the world's watersheds. Here's what IBM is doing.
The Virtual Forbidden City. Supreme Harmony. Heavenly Purity. Dragons, concubines and more.
October 2008 - IBM and the Palace Museum have opened one of the five most important palaces in the world… to you. The Virtual Forbidden City: Beyond Space and Time, a first-of-a-kind, fully immersive, three-dimensional virtual world re-creates a visceral sense of space and time – as it was centuries ago during the Ming and Qing dynasties – for almost anyone with access to the Internet.
Harley-Davidson revs up dealer service
August 2008 - Intuitive search, role-based content and easy-to-use tools provide Harley-Davidson dealerships with the Web experience they'd expect from a brand known for performance.
The Next 5 in 5
March 2008 - Medical avatars. Digital foods. And smart everything: appliances, cars and mobile phones. What's next? IBM picks out the top five innovations that we think will change the way we work, play and live over the next five years. Take five and read our 2nd annual Next 5 in 5. And you'll be smarter too.
Virtual Worlds, Real Leaders
Thu, 10 January 2008 14:38:30 GMT - A new study seeks to better understand how successful leaders behave in online games and learn what aspects of game environments leaders leverage to be more effective.
The changing role of the CIO: from technology manager to chief innovator
Thu, 27 Nov 2007 16:38:30 GMT - Quest Diagnostics CIO Mary Hall Gregg talks about creating a culture that encourages innovation, how the role of CIO has changed, and the surprising benefits of their premier product, Care360. Don't miss these conversations.
Why midsize matters
October 2007 - In our accelerated, flatter world, success belongs to companies who are flexible, fast and innovative - and size doesn't matter. See what midsize companies are doing to thrive in this new environment.
A closer look at RFID
September 2007 - Radio frequency identification technology has come a long way. And businesses can go even further by going beyond the beep and leveraging powerful insight into their enterprises.
Blogs go to work
August 2007 - Blogs are good for business! Many IBMers use their Internet blogs to open up their work and expertise to a wider audience, and to gain insight from customers, partners and even competitors.
Stockholm gets out of a jam
June 2007 - Traffic made life difficult in Stockholm. But with IBM, the city found a way to reduce congestion, boost public transport usage and improve the overall quality of life for its citizens. Here's how it works.
Driving innovation
June 2007 - Green cars. Road charging. Smart-card transit systems. These are just some of the innovations envisioned for improving our world of transportation.
Turning green with ingenuity
January 2007 - Environmental protection and business interests may often be portrayed as being at odds in the popular media, yet they're increasingly not only compatible, but simultaneously attainable.

Intel
Intel Developer Forum
Intel Technologies & Trends
CPU Burn-in
QwikTest
UniFlash

IBM
CMOS PWD
!BIOS
BIOS drivers
Intel Support and Downloads
AMD
CPU chip architect
Mersenne Prime Test

PC WIZARD is a powerful utility designed especially for detection of hardware, but also some more analysis. It's able to identify a large scale of system components and supports the latest technologies and standards. This tool is periodically updated (usually once per month) in order to provide most accurate results.

OCCT comes from "OverClock Checking Tool". Here is a list of its features:

Device Tools

Fixing a Bent / Broken Pins on a CPU What's the difference between E0 and C0 stepping?

CPU-Z is a freeware that gathers information on some of the main devices of your system. Name and number. Core stepping and process. Package. Core voltage. Internal and external clocks, clock multiplier. Supported instructions sets. All cache levels (location, size, speed, technology).

x(perts)64 The unofficial x64 FAQ 64 Bit architecture information.

ClockGen is an program dedicated to overclocking, (making your CPU run faster than standard SAFE settings). Keep in mind that overclocking may damage your system. Use it at your own risk !

CPU Speed Professional will accurately benchmark your PC processor speed. Our software records and reviews thousands of processor speeds which are added daily to the worldwide CPU ranking website. Our CPU comparison tables chart and review speeds of each of the different Intel and AMD processors.

Memristor is a name of passive two-terminal circuit elements in which there is a functional relationship between charge and magnetic flux linkage. A Memristor could be used to replace the Transistor within devices such as memory, CPU devices, and because of the nonvolatile nature, (do not lose stored data when switched off), Solid State Hard drives. It has been stated that these Memristors could lead to new designs of computers. They may be able to be used in an analogue way that mimics the human brain. They could , of course, also be used in other devices.

Unlocking Phenom II X3 Triple to X4 Quad-Core

RunWithAffinity application specially designed to enable you to run a program on a selected core instead of all cores, this is called Affinity.

CPUID Instructions Sets

CPU Serial Number Earlier Pentium models don't have a serial number. Reading can be blocked by setting a bit the MSR to 1. This blocks reading the CPU serial number until next hard reset, (not just reboot). With CPU Serial Number you will be able to view early Pentium III CPU serial number.

Keep in mind that over clocking may damage your system. Use it at your own risk!  You will also make any warranty's void.

Back to top ® © ™ are owned by respective authors and websites. There may be a charge for some software. Always perform an Anti-Virus Check on any Software


Lapping a CPU.

One of the main purposes of lapping a CPU is to provide a flatter, smother surface so that contact between the CPU and the heartsink is increased allowing for better heat transfer between the heatsink and the CPU. This may be more important if you are Overclocking your CPU. The same may issue apply for other heatsinks, e.g. Graphics Cards. Also see Mod and Modding.

Lapping your CPU is likely to make any warranty void.

CPU Lapping Guide (Part 1 of 2) CPU Lapping Guide (Part 2 of 2)

CPU Lapping test - before and after temperature        How To Check My CPU Before Lapping    
 

Keep in mind that over clocking may damage your system. Use it at your own risk!  You will also make any warranty's void.

Back to top ® © ™ are owned by respective authors and websites. There may be a charge for some software. Always perform an Anti-Virus Check on any Software


Other Links

What Do We Do With 10^12 Transistors? The Case For Precision Timing  

Google Tech Talks Channel on YouTube February, 21 2008

Stephen A. Edwards. It is will be too costly to design many of these chips at the polygon or even gate level, so they must be highly programmable. Furthermore, they should not just be FPGAs as we now know them because with that many transistors, we should specialize more for power efficiency. I envision FPGA-like. (A field-programmable gate array (FPGA), chips where the computational elements combine CPUs with more traditional FPGA-like fabrics.

For embedded real-time applications, which I argue will dominate, I argue that the temporal behavior of these processors should be as easy to analyze and control as their functional behavior.

I present a vision such a precision-timed (PRET) processor, which incorporates a variety of techniques. At the ISA level, it provides cycle-accurate timers, a predictable memory hierarchy based on scratchpad memories, and an interleaved pipeline that provides predictable, hardware-efficient concurrency. It will be programmed in a C-like language that includes user-specified timing constraints and concurrency, perhaps with synchronous semantics. Both compile- and run-time checks will ensure the program meets timing constraints, similar to array bounds checking.

Precision Timed (PRET) Machines   (Berkeley)

 

CPU World News and Information about Central Processor Units, CPU Developments:-

CPU-World.com News

This channel includes CPU and MCU-related news

AMD 2012-2013 Graphics Roadmap
2012-02-03T00:00:00-05:00 - At the AMD 2012 Financial Analyst Day (February 2), AMD revealed details of their 2012-2013 Roadmap, including what they have planned for the graphics market. For 2012, we have Southern Islands, for which the first couple of cards are already shipping. This is the HD 7900 series GPUs, with the GCN core. In 2013, we will see "Sea Islands", which will introduce a new GPU architecture, alongside some new Heterogeneous Systems Architecture (HSA, the new name for Fusion System Architecture) features.
AMD server roadmap for 2012/2013
2012-02-03T00:00:00-05:00 - During Financial Analyst Day even yesterday AMD disclosed new server roadmap for 2012 and 2013 years. In a surprise move, the company canceled "Terramar" and "Sepang" processors, and replaced them with less ambitious "Abu Dhabi" and "Seoul" designs, that will preserve compatibility with existing G34 and C32 platforms.
Fake Core i7-990X CPU
2012-02-03T00:00:00-05:00 - I'm sure most readers have come across fake electronic hardware, either personally or through reading/watching news articles. CPUs are no exception, and in the forums here at CPU-World there have been many threads discussing fakes. Some of them are very well made, and sometimes produced in very large quantities. Others are relatively easy to spot. One that is easy to spot is an Intel Core i7-990X discussed on the Intel forums.
AMD Radeon HD 7950 Released - Prices and Specs
2012-02-01T00:00:00-05:00 - Yesterday (January 31), AMD released the next in their new line of graphics cards for general sale. The Radeon HD 7950 uses a cut-down version of the Tahiti core used in the Radeon HD 7970, released on January 10. With what appears to be 2 different reference designs, one designed to offer superior cooling and the other designed to be quieter.
Pre-order prices for upcoming AMD FX CPUs
2012-02-01T00:00:00-05:00 - Last Sunday Intel listed three new Core i5 desktop microprocessors in company's official pricelist. Another desktop Core i7 model will be launched in two weeks. It seems that AMD also prepares to refresh their FX line of desktop processors, targeted at computer enthusiasts. We recently spotted available for pre-order unreleased FX-4170 and FX-6200 CPUs. Also, AMD is going to offer in US a variation of FX-8150 model with liquid cooling.
Launch dates of AMD HD 77x0/78x0 graphics cards
2012-01-31T00:00:00-05:00 - Today, on January 31st, AMD is going to launch HD 7950, the second graphics card from HD 7000 series. This GPU has fewer stream processors, and somewhat lower core and memory clock speeds compared to previously released HD 7970. The HD 7950 should also be cheaper than the 7970. A number of more affordable HD 7xx0 cards will be coming later in the first quarter of this year. [Removed at MSI request]
Tilera announces availability of 36- and 16-core CPUs
2012-01-30T00:00:00-05:00 - Fabless semiconductor company Tilera Corporation, formed in 2004 to develop many-core processing solutions, have announced immediate availability of TILE-Gx36 and TILE-Gx16, the first members of their new TILE-Gx range of 64-bit processors, and evaluation systems to use with them. In line with the company's commitment to produce high-performance processors with low power consumption, these processors offer greater performance per watt than other comparable systems.
Three new Core i5 CPUs added to Intel pricelist
2012-01-29T00:00:00-05:00 - We previously reported on several new Core i5 desktop microprocessors, expected in the second week of February. Core i5-2380P, i5-2450P and unlocked i5-2550K Sandy Bridge CPUs will come with slightly increased core frequency, and with disabled on-chip GPU. A week earlier than anticipated Intel added all three SKUs to official price list. The company also added prices for 4 single- and dual-core Mobile Celeron models, that were launched earlier this month.
AMD Radeon HD 7950 Pre-Order Pricing
2012-01-28T00:00:00-05:00 - AMD Radeon HD 7950 graphics cards have shown up for pre-order on a number of websites. In line with our previous article detailing the expected specs, all models have 3 GB GDDR5 running at 5000 MHz, with 384-bit bandwidth, with 1.5 GB models expected later. There are 1792 Stream Processors. The cards require one 150W (8-pin) PCI-E power connection and one 75W (6 pin) connector. All the cards have 1 x DVI-I, HDMI, 2x Mini DisplayPort, and double slot coolers.
Intel Crystal Forest Gladden platform to launch in Q2
2012-01-27T00:00:00-05:00 - In March Intel is expected to launch Romley server platform, which will be comprised of Xeon E5 microprocessors, and "Patsburg-B" C600 series chipset. Later in the first half of this year Intel will introduce another platform, codenamed Crystal Forest-Server. This platform will also work with Xeon E5-2600 processors, but it will utilize Cave Creek chipset. Cave Creek chipset will be also used by embedded platform, codenamed Crystal Forest-Gladden. The platform will be available in the second quarter 2012.
Intel Offers Performance Tuning Protection Plan
2012-01-26T00:00:00-05:00 - Typically, when you buy electronic parts and equipment they are only guaranteed to work according to published specs. If you overclock a part of your computer (usually the CPU, memory and/or graphics card) and it burns out you are not covered by the standard warranty. Most companies offer a limited warranty, which doesn't cover damage done by overclocking (classed as misuse), although some companies offer more flexible replacement terms as long as a non-working part cannot be seen to have been modified. Intel are now offering an added level of warranty protection, at a price, for those who wish to overclock their recent, high-end unlocked desktop SKUs.
Gigabyte adds GPU-less Core i5s to CPU support lists
2012-01-26T00:00:00-05:00 - As was originally reported by VR-Zone, three new Core i5 microprocessors are coming in February. In addition to i5 standard features, such as 4 CPU cores with Turbo Boost technology, 6 MB L3 cache and no Hyper-Threading, all three models will also have one thing in common: they will lack on-chip graphics unit. Last week Gigabyte added new SKUs to socket 1155 CPU support lists, confirming previously reported specifications.
Intel prepares Core i3-3120ME and i3-3217UE CPUs
2012-01-24T00:00:00-05:00 - Next Intel micro-architecture, codenamed Ivy Bridge, will launch in less than three months. Along with desktop and mobile microprocessors, based on new microarchitecture, Intel will release several embedded models. We previously reported on 5 embedded Core i7s, and now we found details on Core i3-3220ME and i3-3217UE embedded CPUs.
Branding and Specifications for NVidia GK104 GPU
2012-01-23T00:00:00-05:00 - Fudzilla have published specs of nVidia's GK104 GPU core, the successor to GF114 (GTX 560/560Ti). The first 28 nm Kepler GPU, that most sources are expecting in April, will most likely be known as the GTX 660, and will contain the GK 104 core. With an estimated 768 CUDA cores, this will have more than 2 TFLOPS raw performance, more than the current single-GPU flagship product, GTX 580.
AMD Radeon HD 7950 Specs Revealed
2012-01-21T00:00:00-05:00 - Following close on the heels of the Radeon HD 7970 GPU, we have now seen detailed specs for the cut-down Radeon HD 7950. Donanimhaber published some initial information, while a reader at TechPowerup provided detailed specs of an overclocked card from Sapphire. Based on the Tahiti core, this is basically the same core with a few parts disabled, and with a default speed of 800 MHz (approx 14% slower than the Radeon HD 7970).
New Patches Boost Bulldozer Performance in Windows 7
2012-01-20T00:00:00-05:00 - In October, AMD released various processors based on the Bulldozer core. Much hyped as the next best thing, these processors were shown to perform much worse than expected, partly due to the new multi-module architecture, and poor scheduling (ie no support) in Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2. Microsoft have now released a pair of hotfixes which aim to improve support and hence improve the performance.
NVidia GeForce GTX 680 may be released in February
2012-01-19T00:00:00-05:00 - There has been a lot of conflicting information, mostly originating from a small number of leaks, about NVidia Kepler GPUs and their release dates. A source at Chiphell now says the flagship single-GPU cards will be released in February, before AMD can dominate the market with the HD 79x0 series 28nm cards.
Upcoming GPU-less Core i5 CPUs are available for pre-order
2012-01-19T00:00:00-05:00 - As you may already know, in February Intel plans to introduce Core i5-2380P, i5-2450P and i5-2550K microprocessors. All three are quad-core chips, incorporating 6 MB L3 cache and most of the Sandy Bridge features with the exception of Vpro. In addition to 100 Mhz higher core and Turbo Boost frequencies than currently produced Core i5-2320, i5-2400 and i5-2500K SKUs, new CPUs will have on-chip graphics disabled. Specifications of upcoming processors were originally revealed by VR-Zone, although launch prices of these Core i5s are not yet known. All three models can be now pre-ordered in two US online stores, MacMall and eCost.
Intel launches 8 mobile CPUs
2012-01-19T00:00:00-05:00 - In the past two months we published several stories, detailing Core i5-2450M, Core i3-2370M and B970 Sandy Bridge CPUs, spotted ahead of launch in specifications of Dell and Hewlett Packard notebooks. We also reported on a few mobile Celerons, that were going to replace older models, released in the middle of last year. Yesterday Intel added specifications of new processors to the ARK product database, and all CPUs now have status as launched in the first quarter 2012. The company also posted details on previously unheard-of Pentium 977.
Prices of Xeon E5-2400 CPUs
2012-01-17T00:00:00-05:00 - This quarter Intel will launch the first two Xeon E5 families for socket 2011, followed by E5-2400 series next quarter. E5-2400 processors will work in single- and dual-CPU systems, and they will utilize socket 1356, which supports only 3 memory channels (one fewer than socket 2011) and only one QPI link. We already reported on specifications of Xeons from E5-2400 series, and now we have more details on their pricing.
New AMD 79x0 SKU, and more Radeon HD7000(M) release dates
2012-01-16T00:00:00-05:00 - AMD's flagship new single-GPU graphics cards may not be the best they have to offer. The Radeon HD7970 may be the fastest production graphics card currently, but the high overclocks reported by many reviewers show that the cards can perform better than even AMD claimed. With a stock speed of 925 MHz, several reviewers have reported clock speeds of 1100 MHz and more without increasing the core voltage. According to Fudzilla, AMD are considering releasing a faster single-GPU graphics core.
AMD Trinity to be available mid-2012
2012-01-14T00:00:00-05:00 - Computerbase.de have published some slides that AMD revealed at CES, providing an overview of the upcoming Trinity APUs. With a look at some of the features that will be available, and some performance expectations, there are also details of a 17W low power version that targets "ultrathin" notebooks, AMD's answer to Intel's "Ultrabook" devices.
Intel Atom Z2460 (Formerly Medfield) Announced
2012-01-13T00:00:00-05:00 - The Intel Medfield platform has now been officially announced by Intel, in the form of the Intel Penwell SoC, otherwise known as the Atom Z2460. Atom Z2460 is a true single-chip SoC solution, which has a 1.6 GHz Atom core with hyper-threading. Graphics will be provided by an Imagination Technologies PowerVR SGX 540 GPU running at 400 MHz. It will be shipped in a 12mm square package.
Launch dates of Intel processors in Q1
2012-01-13T00:00:00-05:00 - VR-Zone and Fudzilla recently revealed launch dates of several desktop Intel processors, as well as introduction date of "Romley" platform and Sandy Bridge-EP server chips.
AMD Radeon HD 7950 due on January 31
2012-01-12T00:00:00-05:00 - Following hot on the heels of the recently released Radeon HD 7970, the next model in the new line-up is the HD 7950. Initially available with 3 GB GDDR5, a cheaper 1.5 GB model is expected in the future. Other models are expected to follow in February.
Intel Core i7-3610QM CPU is available for pre-order
2012-01-12T00:00:00-05:00 - First microprocessors, built on "Ivy Bridge" microarchitecture, will be launched in about three months. The initial lineup will be comprised of desktop products from Core i5 and Core i7 families, mobile Core i7 processors, and, as was disclosed by VR-Zone earlier last month, there will be three OEM-only mobile chips, Core i7-3610QM, i7-3612QM and i7-3615QM. One of these chips, Core i7-3610QM is now available for pre-order as a standalone CPU, and in Samsung NP700G7C-S01US notebook.
ZiiLABS announces 100-core ZMS-40 media processor
2012-01-11T00:00:00-05:00 - ZiiLABS, a subsidiary of Creative Technology Ltd, last week revealed new ZMS-40 StemCell Media processor. The media processor, optimized for use with Android operating system, packs four 1.5GHz ARM Cortex-A9 CPU cores along with 96 ZiiLABS' StemCell media processing cores. Using 96 StemCell processors, double the number in the previous generation ZMS-20, it is possible to achieve double the performance, or to run the processors at lower speeds for the same performance, gaining double the power efficiency. This combination of power saving and performance boost gives a number of benefits for hand-held devices based on the ZMS-40.
Features of AMD Piledriver processors
2012-01-11T00:00:00-05:00 - A few days ago AMD posted new technical document, titled Software Optimization Guide for AMD Family 15h Processors. Although the guide is intended for developers, it includes some useful information about AMD Family 15h, i.e. Bulldozer. The document not only describes features of current Bulldozer processors, which have model numbers 00h - 0fh (0xh), but also refers to two future generations with model numbers 10h - 1fh (1xh), and 20h - 2fh (2xh). We believe that microprocessors with 10h and higher model numbers will be based on Piledriver cores.
AMD Radeon HD 7970 / 7000M graphic cards are now available
2012-01-10T00:00:00-05:00 - Following the paper launch last month, AMD Radeon HD 7970 single-GPU graphics cards for desktop PCs are officially on sale today (January 10). AMD have also announced the availability of mobile devices using Radeon HD 7000M series mobile graphics this week, raising the bar for immersive video output and image quality. Built using a 28nm process, this card represents the first in a range of new GPUs offering a significantly higher performance for a lower power usage.
Bits and pieces: new 65W APUs spotted in HP PCs
2012-01-10T00:00:00-05:00 - On December 20 AMD announced five new socket FM1 desktop Accelerated Processing Units (APUs), including two unlocked A6-3670K and A8-3870K models with 100 Watt Thermal Design Power, and A4-3420, A6-3620 and A8-3820 SKUs with 65 Watt TDP. Unlocked CPUs were released about a week later, while three 65 Watt chips are still not available anywhere, even for pre-order. The processors did emerge in specifications of several Hewlett Packard PCs, which confirms our suspicion that the 3420, 3620 and 3820 APUs may be shipped only as OEM parts.
Entry Level and Mainstream HD 7000 Graphics
2012-01-07T00:00:00-05:00 - As well as the high-end HD 7900 series GPUs which have started to roll out, there are 6 other known HD 7000 GPU series that have been reported on recently. The HD 6300/6400/6500 are all budget, entry level products. The HD 7600 series will be mid-range entry level cards, with HD 7700 offering slightly higher performance, and then the mainstream cards that are expected to be the most popular will be the HD7800 series. It is currently believed that only the Tahiti-based cards that will use the new GCN architecture, with other cards believed to be built using VLIW-4 technology.
Intel Xeon E5 CPUs surfaced on Intel website
2012-01-07T00:00:00-05:00 - Forthcoming Intel Xeon E5 family will be separated into 4 subfamilies, based on intended market. Xeon E5-4600 will support up to 4-way servers, E5-2400 and E5-2600 will target 2-way servers and workstations, and E5-1600 series will work in uni-processor systems. In the past months we reported on details of E5-1600, E5-2400 and E5-2400 families, whereas model lineup of E5-4600 family was not known up to this moment. Today Intel added Xeon E5 box part numbers and S-spec numbers to Material Declaration Data Sheets (MDDS) database. This addition confirmed processor numbers of one- and two-way Xeon E5 chips, and revealed E5-4600 processor numbers.
Intel discontinues mobile Celeron processors
2012-01-07T00:00:00-05:00 - Single-core Celeron 925 and 763 processors have been on a market since January of last year. These two models are from Penryn group of families, which are two generations behind current Sandy Bridge CPUs. Their replacements, mobile Celeron B710 and ultra-low voltage 787, were launched in June - July 2011 time frame, as a result Penryn Celerons are now set to retire.
AMD Tahiti (HD7900) GPUs Ready For Market
2012-01-06T00:00:00-05:00 - On January 3 we published an overview of the AMD HD7000 family of GPUs. The first series to be launched are the HD 7900-series (TAHITI) GPUs, of which the HD7970 was launched on paper on December 22. HD7950 is due in the first week of February, and HD7990 is currently unannounced. For fans of AMD graphics cards, this is very good news, as the HD7970 is faster than any current single-gpu graphics card.

Overclocking section.

CPU Speed Intel and AMD Central Processor Speed Analysis

CPU Speed Professional enables you to test your CPU speed to check if it comes close to the one advertised by your chip manufacturer. You can check your speed score in the worldwide ranking tables with an online database and compare it to other scores around the world if you are so inclined. CPU Speed Professional is compatible with all Intel and AMD CPUs.  If you've ever wondered exactly how fast your CPU is running, this great little application will tell you.

Auslogics Task Manager shows how much CPU, RAM, Disk Usage or Internet bandwidth is used by the processes running on your computer. Auslogics Task Manager lets you manage applications, processes, Windows services, disk activity, and Internet traffic usage. It also shows overall CPU usage and CPU usage by selected program or process

Intel Processor Frequency ID Utility

Hardware-Assisted Virtualization (HAV) Tool. Microsoft Hardware-Assisted Virtualization Detection Tool. This is supported by most modern processors, but it may need to be enabled in your BIOS. The BIOS menu is normally accessed by pressing DEL or ESC immediately after switching on your PC. Windows Virtual PC requires processors capable of hardware-assisted virtualization with AMD-V , Intel VT or VIA VT turned on in the BIOS. The HAV detection tool helps you check if the computer processor supports hardware virtualization. The tool also checks if this feature is enabled on the processor. For more information about Windows Virtual PC, please visit the Windows Virtual PC website.  More Virtual Computing links

SMP Seesaw is a utility for dual-CPU or dual-core computers that controls how Windows balances the compute load between the two processors. By default, Windows balances the processing load to both CPUs as evenly as possible among all programs. SMP Seesaw provides a convenient means to change the processor affinities for all running programs at once. In particular, the most common use is to dedicate one of your processors to a single program, thereby improving the performance or responsiveness of that program.

6502.org is a resource for people interested in building hardware or writing software for the 6502 microprocessor and its relatives.

Speed Fan Monitor - Freeware SpeedFan monitors fan speeds, temperatures and voltages in computers with hardware monitor chips. It can even access S.M.A.R.T. info for those hard disks that support this feature and show hard disk temperatures too, if supported. It can even change the FSB on some hardware. At the lowest level, it is a hardware monitor software, but its main feature is that it can control fan speeds according to the temperatures inside your pc, thus reducing noise and power consumption.

Binning Process Explanation    
  Overclocking

Graphics Cards

CMOS RAM & ROM Memory

How to lubricate a computer fan    
 

Fix a Noisy Computer Fan.

This is how I lubricate a computer fan if it's getting a bit noisy.

Peltiers are not some sort of magic solution to the removal of heat. They still need a method to remove heat from the Hot Side for effective cooling to take place on the Cold Side. The more the Cold Side needs to reduce the heat that hotter the Hot Side will get, so as a CPU increases temprature the Hot Side will have to be cooled more just like a standard heat sink and fan. The means that heat sinks and fans for example will still be required.

The Peltier effect is the presence of heat at an electrified junction of two different metals and is named for French physicist Jean-Charles Peltier, who discovered it in 1834

Peltiers in practice and Picking a Peltier   Dans Data PC Hardware and Gadgets Independently Reviewed

Peltier effect. How does this technology work? The basic concept behind thermoelectric (TE) technology is the Peltier effect—a phenomenon first discovered in the early 19th century. The Peltier effect occurs whenever electrical current flows through two dissimilar conductors. Depending on the direction of current flow, the junction of the two conductors will either absorb or release heat. Explaining the Peltier effect and its operation in thermoelectric devices, is a very challenging proposition. It ultimately keys on some very complex physics at the sub-atomic level. Here we will attempt to approach it from a conceptual perspective with the goal of giving readers an intuitive grasp of this technology (i.e., without getting too bogged down in the minutiae).

Mod and Modding

Keep in mind that over clocking may damage your system. Use it at your own risk!  You will also make any warranty's void.

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